Which statement best describes the extensor synergy pattern for the upper extremity?

Which statement best describes the extensor synergy pattern for the upper extremity?

• A. Shoulder: scapular protraction and/or depression, UE adduction, and internal rotation; Elbow: extension; Forearm: pronation; Wrist: flexion or extension; Fingers: flexion or extension
• B. Shoulder: scapular retraction and elevation, UE abduction, and external rotation; Elbow: flexion; Forearm: supination; Wrist: flexion; Fingers: flexion
• C. Shoulder: protraction with shoulder abduction; Elbow: flexion; Forearm: supination; Wrist: extension; Fingers: extension
• D. Shoulder: depression of the scapula with adduction; Elbow: flexion; Forearm: pronation; Wrist: flexion; Fingers: flexion

Answer: (A)

The extensor synergy pattern in the upper limb is defined by a sequence of extension across multiple joints driven by a brain injury. The shoulder position typically includes protraction and/or depression with adduction and internal rotation, and the elbow tends to stay extended while the forearm moves into pronation; the wrist and fingers often adopt an extended posture as well. This combination—shoulder protraction/depression with adduction and internal rotation, plus elbow extension, forearm pronation, and wrist/finger extension—best captures the extensor synergy because it shows coordinated extension from the shoulder through the hand rather than flexion patterns. Other descriptions describe elbow flexion with supination and flexion of the wrist and fingers, which align more with the flexor synergy or mixed patterns, not the extensor pattern.

The extensor synergy pattern in the upper limb is defined by a sequence of extension across multiple joints driven by a brain injury. The shoulder position typically includes protraction and/or depression with adduction and internal rotation, and the elbow tends to stay extended while the forearm moves into pronation; the wrist and fingers often adopt an extended posture as well. This combination—shoulder protraction/depression with adduction and internal rotation, plus elbow extension, forearm pronation, and wrist/finger extension—best captures the extensor synergy because it shows coordinated extension from the shoulder through the hand rather than flexion patterns. Other descriptions describe elbow flexion with supination and flexion of the wrist and fingers, which align more with the flexor synergy or mixed patterns, not the extensor pattern.